RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 2021, No. 5, P. 547–554


RELATIONSHIP OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF OAK AND PHILLOPHAGES
AS AN OBJECT OF BIOGEOCENOTIC RESEARCH
I. A. Utkina, V. V. Rubtsov
Institute of Forest Science RAS
Sovetskaya str., 21, Uspenskoe, Moscow region, 143030, Russia
E-mail: UtkinaIA@yandex.ru


Received 18 May 2021
The analysis of the literature concerning interactions in the “home tree ˗ insects” system is carried out using the example of various oak species growing in different parts of the northern hemisphere and insects feeding on their foliage. It is shown that the nature of the responses of trees of different species to the loss of a part of the leaf surface is in many respects similar: the germination of reserved and dormant buds, the regrowth of new foliage, which contributes to the gradual normalization of physiological processes in the crowns. It is noted that quite a lot of data has already been accumulated showing the influence of the modern climate (an increase or decrease in precipitation, uneven distribution, an increase in air temperature) on the change in the role of insects of different groups (leaf-eating, miners, gall producers). This can affect the condition of oak plantations and their silvicultural characteristics.
Keywords: oak, Quercus, oak stands, phyllophages, leaf-eating insects, leafminers, gall-producers.
DOI: 10.31857/S0024114821050090


REFERENCES



  • Both C., van Asch M., Bijlsma R. G., van den Burg A. B., Visser M. E., Climate change and unequal phenological changes across four trophic levels: constraints or adaptations?, Journal of Animal Ecology, 2009, Vol. 78, pp. 73–83.

  • Bryant J.P., Chapin F.S. III, Klein D.R. Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory, Oikos, 1983, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 357–368.

  • Buse A., Good J.E.G., Dury S., Perrins C.M., Effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide on the nutritional quality of leaves of oak (Quercus robur L.) as food for the winter moth (Operophtera brumata L.), Functional Ecology, 1998, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 742–749.

  • Сampbell R.W., Valentine H.T., Tree condition and mortality following defoliation by the gypsy moth, USDA Forest Service Research Note NE-236, 1972, 331 p.

  • Carlisle A., Brown A.H.F., White E.J., Litter fall, leaf production and the effects of defoliation by Tortrix viridana in a sessile oak (Quercus petraea) woodland, Journal of Ecology, 1966, Vol. 54, pp. 65–85.

  • Chaar H., Colin F., Leborgne G., Artificial defoliation, decapitation of the terminal bud and removal of the apical tip of the shoot in sessile oak seedlings and consequences on sub-sequent growth, Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1997, Vol. 27, No. 10, pp. 1614–1621.

  • Chursina V.A., Vokhtantseva K.V., Gayvas A.A., Osnovnoy vreditel' duba chereshchatogo na territorii goroda Omska — dubovaya shirokominiruyushchaya mol' (The main pest of pedunculate oak on the territory of the city of Omsk is the brown oak slender), Innovatsionnyye tekhnologii v sel'skom khozyaystve: Mater. II Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. (g. Sankt-Peterburg, iyul' 2016 g.). SPb.: Svoye izdatel'stvo, 2016, pp. 21–26.

  • Coley P.D., Bryant J.P., Chapin F.S., Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense, Science, 1985, Vol. 230, No. 4728, pp. 895–899.

  • Dovnar-Zapol'skiy D.P., Ocherk entomofauny chereshchatogo duba (Quercus robur) v yevropeyskoy chasti SSSR (An outline of the entomofauna of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in the European part of the USSR), Zoologicheskiy zhurnal, 1954, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 794–806.

  • Dury S.J., Good J.E.G, Perrins C.M., Buse A., Kaye T., The effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on oak leaf palatability and the implications for herbivorous insects, Clobal Change Ecology, 1998, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 55-61.

  • Embree D.G., Effects of the winter moth on growth and mortality of red oak in Nova Scotia, Forest Science, 1967, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 295–299.

  • Evdoshenko S.I., Dendrofil'nyye minery-fillobionty – vrediteli zelenykh nasazhdeniy Brestskogo Poles'ya: vesennyaya i vesenne-letnyaya fenologicheskiye gruppy (Dendrophilic phyllobiont miners - pests of green plantations in Brest Polesie: spring and spring-summer phenological groups), Vestnik Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, Ser. 2, 2013, No. 2, pp. 29–33.

  • Feeny P., Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars, Ecology, 1970, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 565–581.

  • Glyakovskaya Ye.I., Ryzhaya A.V., Invazivnyye vidy fitofagov v kompleksakh introdutsirovannykh rasteniy zelenykh nasazhdeniy Grodnenskogo Poneman'ya, Belarus' (Invasive phytophagous species in complexes of introduced plants of green spaces of Grodno Ponemanye, Belarus), Evraziatskiy entomologitcheskii zhurnal, 2018, Vol. 17(2), pp. 87–91.

  • Golub V.B., Prostakov N.I., Khitsova L.N. Dinamika povrezhdennosti krony duba shirokominiruyushchey mol'yu (Acrocercops brongniardella F., Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) v Usmanskom boru (Voronezhskaya oblast') (Dynamics of damage to the oak crown by broad-minded moth (Acrocercops brongniardella F., Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Usmansky pine forest (Voronezh region)), Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii, SPb.: SPbGLTA, 2011, Vol. 196, pp. 29–36.

  • Hattory K., Ishida T.A., Miki K., Suzuki M., Kimura M.T., Differences in response to simulated herbivory between Quercus crispula and Quercus dentata, Ecological Research, 2004, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 323–329. 

  • Heichel G.H., Turner N.C., Phenology and leaf growth of defoliated hardwood trees, In: Perspectives in Forest Entomology, NY: Acad. Press, 1976, pp. 31–40. 

  • Heichel G.H., Turner N.C., CO2 assimilation of primary and regrowth foliage of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and red oak (Quercus rubra L.): response to defoliation, Oecologia, 1983, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 14–19.

  • Heichel G.H., Turner N.C., Branch growth and leaf numbers of red marple (Acer rubrum L.) and red oak (Quercus rubra L.): response to defoliation, Oecologia, 1984, Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 1–6.

  • Hilton G.M., Packham J.R., Willis A.J., Effects of experimental defoliation on a population of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), New Phytologist, 1987, Vol. 107, No. 3, pp. 603–612.

  • Hryhoryuk Y.A., Yavorovskyy P.P., Stefanovskaya T.R., Monitorynh i rehulyatsiya chyselʹnosti dubovoï shyrokomynuyuchoï moly (Coriscium(=Acrocercops) brongniardella F.) v lesoparkovoy zone Kyeva (Monitoring and regulation of the number of brown oak slender (Coriscium(= Acrocercops) brongniardella F.) in the forest park zone of Kyiv), Nauk. zap. Ternop. nats. ped. un-tu. Ser. Biol., 2014, No. 4(61), pp. 101–105.

  • Jaworski T., Hilszczański J., The effect of temperature and humidity changes on insects development and their impact, Leśne Prace Badawcze (Forest Research Papers), 2013, Vol. 74, No. 4, pp. 345–355.

  • Kudo G., Herbivory pattern and induced responses to simulated herbivory in Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata, Ecological Research, 1996, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 283–289.

  • Leckey E.H., Smith D.M., Nufio C.R., Fornash K.F., Oak-insect herbivore interactions along a temperature and precipitation gradient, Acta Oecologica, 2014, Vol. 61, pp. 1–8.

  • Lyamtsev N.I., Dinamika populyatsii neparnogo shelkopryada v lesostepnykh dubravakh yevropeyskoy Rossii (Population dynamics of the gypsy moth in the forest-steppe oak forests of European Russia), Lesovedenie, 2019, No. 5, pp. 366–374.

  • Lyamtsev N.I., Isayev A.S., Modifikatsiya tipov vspyshek massovogo razmnozheniya neparnogo shelkopryada v zavisimosti ot ekologo-klimaticheskoy situatsii (Modification of the types of outbreaks of mass reproduction of the gypsy moth depending on the ecological and climatic situation), Lesovedenie, 2005, No. 5, pp. 3–9.

  • Magnoler A., Cambini A., Effects of artificial defoliation on the growth of cork oak, Forest Science, 1970, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 354–366.

  • Matošević D., Pernek M., Županić M., Leafminers as pests on oaks (Quercus spp.) in Croatia, Sumarski List, 2008, Vol. 132, No. 11, pp. 517–527.

  • May J.D., Killingbeck K.T., Effects of herbivore-induced nutrient stress on correlates of fitness and on nutrient resorption in scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia), Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1995, Vol. 25, No. 11, pp. 1858–1864.

  • Muzika R.M., Liebhold A.M. Changes in radial increment oh host and nonhost tree species with gypsy moth defoliation, Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1999, Vol. 9, Nо. 9, pp. 1365–1373.

  • Nakamura T., Kimura M.T., Weak parasitoid-mediated apparent competition between two Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) leaf miner species on a deciduous oak Quercus dentata, Entomological Science, 2009, Vol. 12, Nо. 3, pp. 219–226.

  • Nikitenko H.M., Fursov V.N., Svyrydov S.V., Humovskyy A.V., Kotenko F.P., Narolʹskyy T.B., Tolkanyts V.Y., Dubova shyrokominuyucha milʹ ta inshi minuyuchi luskokryli na dubi. Povidomlennya 3. Pryrodni vorohy minuyuchykh shkidnykiv duba v Ukrayini na sumizhnykh terytoriyakh (Brown oak slender and other miners on oak. Message 3. Natural enemies of miners pests of oak in Ukraine in adjacent territories), Vestnyk zoolohyy, 2005, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 35–47.

  • Pearse I.S., Hipp A.L., Global patterns of leaf defenses in oak species, Evolution, 2012, Vol. 66, No. 7, pp. 2272–2286.

  • Picolo R., Terradas J., Aspects of crown reconstruction and leaf morphology in Quercus ilex L. and Quercus suber L. after defoliation by Lymantria dispar L., Acta oecologica (Oecologia plantarum), 1989, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 69–78. 

  • Ponomarev V.I., Gninenko YU.I., Il'inykh A.V., Sokolov G.I., Andreyeva Ye.M. Neparnyy shelkopryad v Zaural'ye i Zapadnoy Sibiri (Gypsy moth in the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia),  Yekaterinburg: UrO RAN, 2012 321 p.

  • Ponomarev V.I., Sokolov G.I., Klobukov G.I., Dinamika plotnosti zaural'skoy populyatsii neparnogo shelkopryada v 2003-2013 gg. (Dynamics of the density of the Trans-Ural population of the gypsy moth in 2003-2013), Lesovedenie, 2016, No. 3, pp. 223–235.

  • Rubtsov V.V., Utkina I.A., Adaptatsionnyye reaktsii duba na defoliatsiyu (Adaptive reactions of oak to defoliation), M.: Grif, 2008. 302 p.

  • Sato H., Differential resource utilisation and co-occurence of leafminers in oak (Quercus dentata), Ecological Entomology, 2008, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 105–113.

  • Schultz J.C., Baldwin I.T., Oak quality declines in response to defoliation by gypsy moth larvae, Science, 1982, Vol. 217, pp. 149–150.

  • Simmons M.J., Lee T.D., Ducey M.J., Dodds K.J., Invasion of winter moth in New England: effects of defoliation and site quality on tree mortality, Forests, 2014, Vol. 5, pp. 2440–2463.

  • Southwood T.R.E., The number of species associated with various trees, Journal of Animal Ecology, 1961, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 1–8.

  • Tikkanen O.-P., Lyytikäinen P.M.E., Adaptation of a generalist moth, Operophtera brumata, to variable budburst phenology of host plants, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,  2002, Vol. 103, pp. 123–133. 

  • Tomescu R., Taut I., Covrig I., Simonca V., Study concerning Tortrix viridana attack on oak forests from Transylvanian private forest districts, ProEnvironment, 2014, Vol. 7, pp. 21–25.

  • Utkina I.A., Rubtsov V.V., Zimnyaya pyadenitsa (Operophtera brumata) kak ob"yekt otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh issledovaniy (Winter moth (Operophtera brumata) as an object of domestic and foreign research), Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii, SPb.: SPb GLTU, 2015, Vol. 211, pp. 119–134.

  • Utkina I.A., Rubtsov V.V., Issledovaniya fenologicheskikh form duba chereshchatogo (Research of phenological forms of pedunculate oak), Lesovedenie, 2016, No. 6, pp. 466–475.

  • Utkina I.A., Rubtsov V.V., Ustoychivost' fenologicheskikh form duba chereshchatogo (Quercus robur L.) k neblagopriyatnym vneshnim faktoram (Resistance of phenological forms of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) to unfavorable external factors), Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii, SPb.: SPbGLTU, 2017, Vol. 220, pp. 200–211.

  • Utkina I.A., Rubtsov V.V., Dubovaya shirokominiruyushchaya mol' – davno izvestnyy, no do sikh por malo izuchennyy vid (Brown oak slender is a long-known, but still poorly studied species), Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii, SPb.: SPbGLTU, 2019, Vol. 228, pp. 42–57.

  • Valentine H.T., Houston D.R., Identifying mixed-oak stand susceptibility to Gypsy moth defoliation: an update [Lymantria dispar, Quercus species], Forest Science, 1984, Vol. 30(1), pp. 270–271.

  • Valentine H.T., Wallner W.E., Wargo P.M., Nutritional changes in host foliage during and after defoliation and their relation to the weight of gypsy moth pupae, Oecologia (Berlin), 1983, Vol. 57, pp. 298–302.

  • Visser M.E., Holleman L.J.M., Warmer springs disrupt the synchrony of oak and winter moth phenology, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 2000, Vol. 268(1464), pp. 289–294.

  • Vorontsov A.I., Iyerusalimov Ye.N., Mozolevskaya Ye.G., Rol' listogryzushchikh nasekomykh v lesnom biogeotsenoze (Role of leaf-eating insects in a forest biogeocoenosis), Zhurnal obshchey biologii, 1967, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 172-178.

  • Wargo P.M. Insects have defoliated my tree – now what’s going to happen? Journal of Arboriculture, 1978, Vol. 4(80, pp. 169–175.

  • Wargo P.M., Consequences of environmental stress on oak: predisposition to pathogens, Annales des sciences forestières, INRA/EDP Sciences, 1996, Vol. 5(2-3), pp. 359–368.

  • Wrzesińska D., Insects mining leaves of English oak Quercus robur L. in Bydgoszcz and its vicinity, Leśne Prace Badawcze (Forest Research Papers), 2017, Vol. 78(4), pp. 337–345.

  • Yazdanfar H., Daryaei M.G., Sendi J.J., Ghobari H., Effects of three Quercus species on feeding performance of the green oak leaf roller, Tortrix viridana L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Journal of Crop Protection, 2015. Vol. 4 (Supplementary), pp. 711–718.